The Tang emperors had a favorable attitude towards the Confucian scholar gentry. They relied on them for administrative positions and sought their advice on governance. The emperors also supported the civil service examination system, which allowed the scholar gentry to enter the bureaucracy based on merit rather than family background.
"The Tang supported the resuscitation of the Confucian scholar-gentry, often at the expense of the aristocracy."
http://www.aasd.k12.wi.us/staff/hermansenjoel/apmuseum/bergmanzhang/Tangandsongquiz.htm
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The landed gentry that replaced the old aristocracy were known as scholar-gentry because they were appointed based on their performance in civil service examinations, which emphasized knowledge and education. This new class of scholar-gentry contributed to the stability and intellectual advancement of Chinese society during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Aristocracy Gentry.
Members of the gentry included Confucian scholars, government officials, landlords, and rich merchants.
In ancient China, during the Han dynasty, there were educated degree-holders (such as xiucai, juren, or jinshi) and who would enjoy special privileges of dress, law and social position.As no more than 5% of them could become officials, the majority of the scholar-gentry stayed in local villages or cities as social leaders. The scholar-gentry carried out social welfare measures, taught in private schools, helped decide minor legal disputes, supervised community projects, maintained local law and order, conducted Confucian ceremonies, assisted in the government's collection of taxes, and preached Confucian moral teachings.As a class, these scholars represented morality and virtue. Although they received no official salary and were not government officials, their contributions and cooperation were much needed by the district magistrate in governing local areas.During the Han Dynasty, the Chinese government adopted Confucianism as their ideology more than anything. Confucius believed that rule should be by a class of "scholars" who were able to pass an exam, which would be open to everybody. these people were called scholar gentries.The poor were unable to afford the eduaction neede for the difficult exam and the rich were able to basically cheat their way through.
Scholar-gentry
The families of the imperial wives, the scholar-gentry, and the imperial eunuchs.
They focused less on the military, and the scholar-gentry class continued to rule. Confucianism was strictly enforced in the elite class.
The military was subordinated to the civilian administrators of the scholar-gentry, leaving the dynasty vulnerable to nomadic dynasties on the frontier.
aristocrats,kings,emperors, princes, prince-archbishops,nobility,gentry
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