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Sandstone mostly. Coated with Lime to preserve the hardness. Construction of the White House began with the laying of the cornerstone on October 13, 1792, with no formal ceremony.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Special:Wysiwyg?tid=wysiwyg#cite_note-7 The main residence, as well as foundations of the house, were built largely by enslaved and freehttp://wiki.answers.com/wiki/African-American laborers, as well as employed http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Europe.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Special:Wysiwyg?tid=wysiwyg#cite_note-8 Much of the other work on the house was performed by immigrants, many not yet with citizenship. The sandstone walls were erected by http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Scotlandimmigrants, employed by Hoban,http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Special:Wysiwyg?tid=wysiwyg#cite_note-whha_overview-9 as were the high relief rose and garland decorations above the north entrance and the "fish scale" pattern beneath the pediments of the window hoods. Much of the brick and plaster work was produced by Irish and Italian immigrants. The initial construction took place over a period of eight years, at a reported cost of $232,371.83 ($2.4 million in 2005 dollars). Although not yet completed, the White House was ready for occupancy on or circa November 1, 1800.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Special:Wysiwyg?tid=wysiwyg#cite_note-10 Shortages, including material and labor, forced alterations to the earlier plan developed by French engineerhttp://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Pierre_Charles_L%27Enfant for a "palace" that was five times larger than the house that was eventually built.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Special:Wysiwyg?tid=wysiwyg#cite_note-whha_overview-9 The finished home would contain only two main floors instead of the planned three, and a less costly brick served as a lining for the stone façades. When construction was finished the porous sandstone walls were coated with a mixture of lime, rice glue, casein, and lead, giving the house its familiar color and name.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Special:Wysiwyg?tid=wysiwyg#cite_note-whha_overview-9 Being a famed structure in America, many http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Replicas_of_the_White_House have been constructed in its image.
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Black stone
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