What are three words to describe Ulysses S. Grant?

Answer 1

Ulysses S. Grant was the 18th US President. He was elected for two terms. Under his presidency the following events occurred:

* The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869;

* In 1870 the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified;

* In 1872 The Amnesty Act was approved, restoring civil rights to Southerners;

* In 1873 a depression began which lasted five years; and

* In 1875 he signed the Specie Redemption Act which contracted the amount of paper currency that was in circulation.

Answer 2

President: Ulysses Simpson Grant (1822 - 1885)

Term: March 4, 1869 - March 4, 1877

Background: Grant was born in Point Pleasant, Clermont County, Ohio in a log cabin. His parents were Jesse Root Grant who was from an English decent and a tanner from Pennsylvania, and Hannah Simpson Grant. Grant joined the United States Military Academy at the age of 17. He graduated in 1843, and became known as a fearless horseman. From 1846 to 1848, Grant participated in the Mexican-American War. From taking part in this war, Grant grew a strong hatred towards war, but he knew it must take place in order to gain land for slavery. Grant also took part in the Civil War, becoming the first general to attempt such strategize plans and brought the Union to many victories.

Political Party: Republican

Vice-President: Schuyler Colfax (1869-1873), Henry Wilson (1873-1875), None (1875-1877)

Major Domestic Policy: During Grants presidency, technology was growing, and many inventions were being created. Grant's Presidency also consisted of grantism, which is corrupt and greedy administration. One of the scandals that gave Grant's Presidency this name would be the Crédit Mobilier of America scandal. This scandal in 1872 was dealing with the Union Pacific Railroad and the Crédit Mobilier of America construction company. The Crédit Mobilier established by the insiders of the transcontinental Union Pacific Railway in order to make more money by hiring themselves to build a railway and to get paid up to $50,000 a mile when it should actually cost $30,000. Another scandal was known as Black Friday, which was resulted when two speculators' tried to trap the gold market on the New York Gold Exchange. Another scandal during Grant's Presidency was the Whiskey Ring. This scandal consisted of mostly Republicans who used Federal taxes on liquor. Another scandal was the Sanborn Incident, which was when William Adams Richardson (Grant's Secretary of Treasury), hired John D. Sanborn to collect $427,000 in unpaid taxes. In the end, Richardson would get $156,000 and Sanborn would get $213,000. Grants cabinet contained all old friends known as the Ohio Gang. Most of his friends in his cabinet took advantage of their high positions and used them for their own earnings. Also during Grants presidency, the United States was having major financial problems and a major depression occurring. Once the Panic of 1873 occurred after the Jay Cooke & Company failed, about 20,000 businesses failed and caused a high unemployment. In order to resolve this, the United States devised a bill known as the Bill of '73. This bill made it so that silver was no longer coined, which was known as the Crime of '73. Grant also vetoed the inflation bill in 1874, which decreased the aftermath of the Panic of 1873.

Major Foreign Policy: At this time, Europe was dealing with nationalism and their reunification of Germany and Italy. Being a war general, Grant focused on the repairing of the United States. He was attentive to the three destroyers that Great Britain had built during the Civil War. As the Geneva tribunal lasted from 1869 to 1872, the United States declared that Great Britain violated international law, and the tribunal awarded the United States $15.5 million. Also occurring with Great Britain, the United States was able to get an agreement over the Alabama claims with the signing of the Treaty of Washington in 1871.

Court Case:

• The Collector v. Day (1870)-Declared that the National Government was not entitled to tax the State Governments.

• Bradwell v. Illinois (1872)-Held that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give the right to all citizens of the United States to gain a license to practice law. It also stated that women should be excluded from law.

• The Slaughterhouse Cases (1872)-Held that the making of the monopoly did not disobey the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments.

Intellectual and Social Developments:

• In 1865 the First Continental Railroad is completed from California to Missouri.

• Factories were using machinery, which increased their production.

• Sharecropping was becoming prominent in the South.

• African Americans who were freed began building schools and churches.

Grant's Legacy: Grant was known to be a man with a very reserved personality. He was a great war general and will always be remembered as "the savior of the Union." His Presidency was not its best because of his lack of education of politics. Grants administration was filled with scandals that he was not involved with. Grant was always known for his truth. Grant will always be known for his hard work towards African American rights. He was the President who worked the hardest in this topic during the 19th century. Also, towards his hard work at getting the 15th amendment passed to create voting rights for blacks. He will also be remembered for improving the Anglo-American relations with his victorious foreign policy. Overall, he will be remembered as an amazing war general, but an unsuccessful President.

Answer 3

born, arril 27, 1829-died July 23,1885

Answer 4

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