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What is mask in image processing?

Updated: 12/18/2022
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12y ago

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A mask is a black and white image of the same dimensions as the original image (or the region of interest you are working on). Each of the pixels in the mask can have therefore a value of 0 (black) or 1 (white).

When executing operations on the image the mask is used to restrict the result to the pixels that are 1 (selected, active, white) in the mask. In this way the operation restricts to some parts of the image.

Some images like icons have a mask stored in them that is used when computing which parts of the image are transparent or not.

There are two types of masks: layer mask which is pixel depended (described above) and vector mask which is a path that clips out the contents of the layer and is pixel independent. It is much easier to edit vector mask by the way using path anchor points.

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Masking is the process of creating a layer on which you paint areas of the image so that you prohibit editing of the image in those areas.

You use masks if you want to perform several operations on certain areas once they are selected.

Masks can have hard or semi transparent edges so the operations that are performed on the unmasked areas can have a sharp border or a soft one.

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