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What hypothyroidism is thyroid hyposecretion present from birth?
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∙ 13y ago
congenital.
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∙ 13y ago
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What does the word congential hypothyroidism mean?
A condition of thyroid harmone deficiency. This condition is present at child birth and progresses throughout a child life. Please note that the condition is inherited and can be passed down.
Can you take synthroid and birth control pills?
Yes. Synthroid is taken when you have hypothyroidism - to replace the natural thyroid hormone you are lacking. Hypothyroidism can cause infertility, once you start taking Synthroid your fertility returns and birth control pills will help prevent unwanted pregnancy.
Are there any physical deformities present at birth that would indicate the child was born without a thyroid gland?
Typically if an infant is diagnosed with a thyroid condition it is congenital, or present at birth.According to the Mayo Clinic babies that have hypothyroidism might have symptoms that include yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes known as jaundice, frequent choking, a large protruding tongue, and a puffy appearance to the face.As this thyroid condition progresses infants are likely to have trouble with feeding. They may fail to grow and develop normally and might experience constipation, poor muscle tone, and excessive sleepiness. When hypothyroidism in infants isn't treated it can lead to severe physical and mental retardation.
Which diseases or disorders affect the thyroid glands?
One common disease affecting the thyroid glands is hypothyroidism, where the thyroid doesn't produce enough hormones. Another is hyperthyroidism, where excessive hormone production occurs. Both conditions can impact overall health.
Neonatal hypothyroidism?
DefinitionNeonatal hypothyroidism is decreased thyroid hormone production in a newborn. In very rare cases, no thyroid hormone is produced.If the baby was born with the condition, it is called congenital hypothyroidism. If it develops soon after birth, it is referred to as hypothyroidism acquired in the newborn period.Alternative NamesCretinism; Congenital hypothyroidism; Hypothyroidism - infantsCauses, incidence, and risk factorsHypothyroidism in the newborn may be caused by:A missing or abnormally developed thyroid glandPituitary gland's failure to stimulate the thyroidDefective or abnormal formation of thyroid hormonesIncomplete development of the thyroid is the most common defect and occurs in about 1 out of every 3,000 births. Girls are affected twice as often than boys.SymptomsMost affected infants have few or no symptoms, because they only have a mild decrease in thyroid hormone production. However, infants with severe hypothyroidism often have a distinctive appearance. Symptoms may include:Puffy-appearing faceDull lookThick, protruding tongueThis appearance usually develops as the disease gets worse. The child may also have:Dry, brittle hairLow hairlineJaundicePoor feedingChoking episodesLack of muscle tone (floppy infant)ConstipationSleepinessSluggishnessShort statureSigns and testsA physical exam may reveal:Abnormally large fontanelles (soft spots of the skull)Broad hands with short fingersDecreased muscle toneGrowth failureHoarse-sounding cry or voiceShort arms and legsWidely separated skull bonesBlood tests will be done to check thyroid function. Other tests that may be done include:Thyroid scanX-ray of the long bonesTreatmentEarly diagnosis is very important. Most of the effects of hypothyroidism are easily reversible.Replacement therapy with thyroxine is the standard treatment of hypothyroidism. Once medication starts, thyroid blood tests are regularly done to make sure levels are within a normal range.Expectations (prognosis)Very early diagnosis generally results in a good outcome. Newborns diagnosed and treated in the first month or so generally develop normal intelligence.Untreated, mild hypothyroidism can lead to severe mental retardation and growth retardation. Critical development of the nervous system takes place in the first few months after birth. Thyroid hormone deficiency may cause irreversible damage.ComplicationsMental retardationGrowth retardationHeart problemsCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if:You feel your infant shows signs or symptoms of hypothyroidismYou are pregnant and have been exposed to antithyroid drugs or proceduresPreventionIf a pregnant women takes radioactive iodine for thyroid cancer, the thyroid gland may be destroyed in the developing fetus. Infants whose mothers have taken such medicines should be observed carefully after birth for signs of hypothyroidism.Most states require a routine screening test to check all newborns for hypothyroidism. See also: Newborn screening testsReferencesHarris KB, Pass KA. Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States. Mol Genet Metab. 2007; 91(3):268-277.
Why normal thyroid is important in childhood?
While the majority of men and women who have a thyroid condition are diagnosed later in life, it is not uncommon for infants, children and teenagers to be diagnosed with a thyroid condition. Typically if an infant is diagnosed with a thyroid condition it is congenital, or present at birth. If a child or teen has a thyroid condition it sometimes won't be diagnosed until the onset of puberty. If a child doesn't have normal thyroid function this can cause poor growth which results in short stature, delayed development of permanent teeth, delayed puberty, and poor mental development.
How is iodine important to living organisms?
A complete answer to this question would be extensive. Briefly, iodine deficiency causes improper function of the thyroid gland, which in turn causes several other medical and health issues/problems, both in humans and higher animals. Prominent among these problems are hyperthyroidism, mental retardation, goiter and birth defects.
Can thyroid cancer cause birth defects?
Yes, A serious illness in the mother, such as an underactive thyroid, or diabetes mellitus, in which her body cannot process sugar, also can cause birth defects in the child.
What emotions are present at birth?
Emotions are not present at birth, humans have to regaing
What birth control should you take if you have hypothyroidism?
Every patient is unique, the decision needs to be made depending on her needs.
Hypothyroidism?
DefinitionHypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone.See also:Chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease)Subacute thyroiditisSilent thyroiditisNeonatal hypothyroidismAlternative NamesMyxedema; Adult hypothyroidismCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThe thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck just below the voice box (larynx). It releases hormones that control metabolism.The most common cause of hypothyroidism is inflammation of the thyroid gland, which damages the gland's cells. Autoimmune or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, is the most common example of this. Some women develop hypothyroidism after pregancy (often referred to as "postpartum thyroiditis").Other common causes of hypothyroidism include:Congenital (birth) defectsRadiation treatments to the neck to treat different cancers, which may also damage the thyroid glandRadioactive iodine used to treat an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland, done to treat other thyroid problemsViral thyroiditis, which may cause hyperthyroidism and is often followed by temporary or permanent hypothyroidismCertain drugs can cause hypothyroidism, including:AmiodaroneDrugs used for hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), such as propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazoleLithiumRadiation to the brainSheehan syndrome, a condition that may occur in a woman who bleeds severely during pregnancy or childbirth and causes destruction of the pituitary glandRisk factors include:Age over 50 yearsBeing femaleSymptomsEarly symptoms:Being more sensitive to coldConstipationDepressionFatigue or feeling slowed downHeavier menstrual periodsJoint or muscle painPaleness or dry skinThin, brittle hair or fingernailsWeaknessWeight gain (unintentional)Late symptoms, if left untreated:Decreased taste and smellHoarsenessPuffy face, hands, and feetSlow speechThickening of the skinThinning of eyebrowsSigns and testsA physical examination may reveal a smaller than normal thyroid gland, although sometimes the gland is normal size or even enlarged (goiter). The examination may also reveal:Brittle nailsCoarse facial featuresPale or dry skin, which may be cool to the touchSwelling of the arms and legsThin and brittle hairA chest x-raymay show an enlarged heart.Laboratory tests to determine thyroid function include:TSH testT4 testLab tests may also reveal:Anemia on a complete blood count (CBC)Increased cholesterol levelsIncreased liver enzymesIncreased prolactinLow sodiumTreatmentThe purpose of treatment is to replace the thyroid hormone that is lacking. Levothyroxine is the most commonly used medication. Doctors will prescribe the lowest dose possible that effectively relieves symptoms and brings your TSH level to a normal range. If you have heart disease or you are older, your doctor may start with a very small dose.Lifelong therapy is required unless you have a condition called transient viral thyroiditis.You must continue taking your medication even when your symptoms go away. When starting your medication, your doctor may check your hormone levels every 2 - 3 months. After that, your thyroid hormone levels should be monitored at least every year.Important things to remember when you are taking thyroid hormone are:Do NOT stop taking the medication when you feel better. Continue taking the medication exactly as directed by your doctor.If you change brands of thyroid medicine, let your doctor know. Your levels may need to be checked.Some dietary changes can change the way your body absorbs the thyroid medicine. Talk with your doctor if you are eating a lot of soy products or are on a high-fiber diet.Thyroid medicine works best on an empty stomach and when taken 1 hour before any other medications.Do NOT take thyroid hormone with fiber supplements, calcium, iron, multivitamins, aluminum hydroxide antacids, colestipol, or medicines that bind bile acids.After you start taking replacement therapy, tell your doctor if you have any symptoms of increased thyroid activity (hyperthyroidism) such as:PalpitationsRapid weight lossRestlessness or shakinessSweatingMyxedema coma is a medical emergency that occurs when the body's level of thyroid hormones becomes extremely low. It is treated with intravenous thyroid hormone replacement and steroid medications. Some patients may need supportive therapy (oxygen, breathing assistance, fluid replacement) and intensive-care nursing.Expectations (prognosis)In most cases, thyroid levels return to normal with proper treatment. However, thyroid hormone replacement must be taken for the rest of your life.Myxedema coma can result in death.ComplicationsMyxedema coma, the most severe form of hypothyroidism, is rare. It may be caused by an infection, illness, exposure to cold, or certain medications in people with untreated hypothyroidism.Symptoms and signs of myxedema coma include:Below normal temperatureDecreased breathingLow blood pressureLow blood sugarUnresponsivenessOther complications are:Heart diseaseIncreased risk of infectionInfertilityMiscarriagePeople with untreated hypothyroidism are at increased risk for:Giving birth to a baby with birth defectsHeart disease because of higher levels of LDL ("bad") cholesterolHeart failurePeople treated with too much thyroid hormone are at risk for angina or heart attack, as well as osteoporosis (thinning of the bones).Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of hypothyroidism (or myxedema).If you are being treated for hypothyroidism, call your doctor if:You develop chest pain or rapid heartbeatYou have an infectionYour symptoms get worse or do not improve with treatmentYou develop new symptomsPreventionThere is no prevention for hypothyroidism.Screening tests in newborns can detect hypothyroidism that is present from birth (congenital hypothyroidism).ReferencesFatourechi V. Subclinical hypothyroidism: an update for primary care physicians. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84(1):65-71.Ladenson P, Kim M. Thyroid. In: Goldman L and Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2007:chap 244.Vaidya B, Pearce SH. Management of hypothyroidism in adults. BMJ. 2008;337.Allahabadia A, Razvi S, Abraham P, Franklyn J. Diagnosis and treatment of primary hypothyroidism. BMJ. 2009 Mar 26;338.
From birth to age 6 which endocrine glands promote growth?
thyroid and testes
