What happened when Satan betrayed God?

Answer 1

"Jewish View "
The Satan never betrayed God. Judaism holds that God explicitly created the Satan as he created all of the angels. However, unlike Christianity, Judaism asserts that the Satan never rebelled against God nor does he direct or control evil in the world. The Satan is God's loyal opposition, whose job it is to cross-examine God, His actions, and advocate against humanity. This leads to him generally having the responsibility for arguing that humans should not receive mercy when they arrive in the Afterlife (in contrast to God who wishes to provide mercy). These constant arguments with God could be considered "fighting", but since he is only arguing with God because that was the function he was made to perform, it is not really fighting. It is also certainly not betrayal since he is following God's orders to the "t".

The Satan is one of the few angels in The Bible whose name is never ever explicitly stated; the Satan is his title, i.e. the Opposer, just as the Healer is Raphael's title.

Answer 2

"Christian View"
The post-Apostolic Church Age had much trouble reconciling a God of love and mercy to the evil apparent in the world. One explanation was presented by the agnostic Marcion who said there were 2 rival Gods: "one was the tyrannical creator and lawgiver found in the Old Testament, the other was the unknown God of love and mercy who would send Jesus Christ to 'purchase' salvation from the creator God" (Webster Encyclopedia, one-volume edition, p. 561). Amazingly, this idea still permeates some areas of Christianity in some degree/form today.

As a student of the Bible, it appears to me that God created all good. He created spiritual ministering beings called angels with the most near-perfect being put in charge of the 'throne' on Earth - the future residence of the God family (see Revelation 21). But this leader of the then angels known as Lucifer lusted for more and convinced about a 1/3 of all angels to follow him in attempting to usurp God's heavenly authority. He failed and was cast down to the Earth to await his and the demons final judgment (see Ezekiel 28:16; Isaiah 14:12; Luke 10:18 and Revelation 20).

God has allowed the now fallen Satan to influence mankind who has free will to chose their path. He is quite powerful and pervasive but limited into what he may and may not do to us (see Job 1:12, 2:26). Yet it is his mission to see mankind destroyed and never inheriting all. If he couldn't have it in the beginning, no mere human will. This is his mindset and will lie to any and all to get to his goal (see John 8:44). In the Book of Revelation chapter 9, verse 11 aptly calls him Abaddon and Apollyon, names that mean destruction and destroyer, respectively.

Satan is the current ruler of this world (2 Corinthians 4:4). He has deceived the whole world (Revelation 12:9). He is the 'prince' of the power of the air putting wrong thoughts into the minds of mankind (Ephesians 2:2). He and his army of demons are continuously roaming the globe (1 Peter 5:8) inciting governments dominated by evil regimes to quickly gravitate to the dark side. But there is hope and finality to this reign of evil. It is pictured for us in the annual High Holy Day called the Day of Atonement.

In Leviticus 16, God instructed the Israelites to have the High Priest take 2 goats: the one was slain as a sin offering prefigured the crucified/slain Jesus Christ, killed to pay the penalty of mankind's sins (see John 1:29) and the other took upon it the sins of the people and set loose in the wilderness. This goat was known as 'Azazel" (see Leviticus 16:8).

When Christ returns and delivers Satan to the bottomless pit for 1,000 years (see Revelation 20:1-3), this prepares the way for Jesus to 'restore all things' (see Acts 3:21). This has been preached by God's servants for thousands of years (same verse) protecting the innocent child in a becoming perfect world (see Isaiah 11:8-9), ushering in the wonderful World Tomorrow.

Answer 3

Satan did not betray God so much as he disobeyed and rebelled against Him.