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The main controversy was languages.

Western philosophies at the time stressed that the upper and elite were the only ones capable and worthy of holding communication with God, so Latin became the language of the church, because no-one but church and royalty knew it. Then the issue of Easter. Roman Catholics did not want to be attached to a Judaic calendar to determine their holiday, primarily because of hersey fears. So Easter was set to the first Sunday after the first full moon after the first day of Spring, while Eastern Easter has to occur after Passover as well as the above requirements.

The Western Churches existed during a time of chaos, the Roman Empire in the west was gone and large societies were conquered by Warlords (such as Spain, France, England) a strong head was needed to unite them once again (it never was reunited) so they wanted a Pope with GOD's Power on Earth. The eastern churches refused to acknowledge. Finally Wars, the Roman Catholic Church for many years adored the idea of Holy Wars (crusades) which the Eastern Churches decided against and have remained vigilant in such issues. The selling of indulgences and the preferantial treatment of wealthy subjects over the poor also was unfavorable in Eastern Churches. Finally the churches in the east believed in a stronger separation from Politics compared to western churches (Henry VIII and the Protestant reformation)

Today many of these issues are no longer viable because there are so many newer western churches but duringt the early days of Christianity they were strong sticking points

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12y ago
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9y ago

There were any number of heresies over the years, but the bottom line was the Greek Orthodox Christian were mainly a national church run by their government, and they separated so that they would not have Rome interfering in their affairs.

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Q: What controversies led to the distinctions between Orthodox and Western Christianity?
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