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What are the factors upon which the friction loss in a pipe depends?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Calculating the friction loss in a pipe can be conducted using one of various equations which include, but are not limited to the Darcy friction factor and the Colebrook equation, and are attributed to the authors of the same.
The first thing to consider when determining friction loss is the type of flow in the pipe. There may be laminar flow or turbulent flow which both depend on the velocity of flow through the pipe. The Darcy equation is commonly used for laminar flow only where the Reynolds number is less than 2300, and does not provide accurate values for turbulent flow. The Colebrook equation will provide greater accuracy when flow is turbulent (Reynolds number > 4000) or neither laminar or turbulent (2300 < Reynolds number < 4000).
The next item to consider is the type of pipe through which the fluid is flowing. Different types of pipe have different profiles of roughness inside. The friction provided by this roughness will slow down fluid flow. There are constant values attributed to various types of pipe, and can be found in a fluid mechanics text.
Next consider the hydraulic diameter. This is the diameter of the pipe and varies depending on the shape of the pipe. Remember, not all piping runs are round. Air is considered a fluid and flows through square or rectangular "pipes".
Finally, friction loss will be affected by bends and obstructions in the pipe run. Tables are also available in your fluid mechanics text. Different types of bends and obstructions have different values and must be summed to provide the total loss through the pipe run.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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How do you account for friction loss while applying Bernoulli's theorem to the real flow?
Sum the friction terms for each element from which the friction results, including pipe lengths, elbows, flanges, fitting, valves, etc to get a total friction value K-total.When input to the Bernoulli equation the friction loss will be:ef=0.5*Ktotal*V^2where ef is the energy lost to frictionKtotal is sum of all the loss coefficientsV= velocity of fluidThe friction loss coefficient for a length of pipe is:Kpipe= 16*f*L/DwhereKpipe= pipe loss coefficientL= length of pipeD= diameter of pipef=the Darcy friction factor (not to be confused with the similar Fanning friction factor)For turbulent flow the Darcy friction factor can be obtained from a Moody diagram (very simple) or via the Colebrook or Churchill equations (complex). For laminar flow:f= 64/Rewhere Re is the Reynold's number, an indication of turbulence.Turbulent flow occurs at Reynolds numbers greater than about 2000.Be wary of whether the f listed is the Fanning or Darcy friction factor: mechanical engineers use Darcy, chemical engineers typically use Fanning.The Hooper 2K method can be used to calculate pipe loss coefficients.See related links for a calculation form.
What will be the Flow rate if pressure and area given of pipe?
You would still need the coefficient of friction for the type of pipe in order to calculate flow.
Friction factor for stainless steel pipe?
for turbulent flow in pipes the friction factor depends on Reynold's number as well as the inside roughness of the material.you could calculate the pipe inside roughness or the relative roughness by referring to the 'values of absolute roughness table'.relative roughness =ε/Dwhere,ε- absolute roughness.D- inside diameter of the pipe.for stainless steel the the absolute roughness value is 0.0018inches or 0.000045metre.you could substitute the value in the above formula and find out the relative roughnes.After doing this refer the Moody diagram to find out the friction factor for the values of Reynold's number and relative roughness.ε
Head loss in a pipe?
when a pump is used to pump a fluid into a vertically arranged pipe , fixed upright; the fluid would reach a certain height at which point the fluid would stop in a pipe. this height at which the fluid has stopped propelling upward could be described as the head of water. this measure relates to the pump power . should a pipe system be used which is less than the head height then fluid will be seen to flow out and over the side of pipe. if the connecting pipe happens to be of longer measurement than the head, and hence when fixed at height is taller than the head height then the fluid will not likely be seen flowing out of pipe . if a pump is mounted within a basement of work hall, but the resulting pressure is utilised on the ground floor of same building then some pressure will be lost when pumping upwards , and could be described as head loss.
How much pressure in a 100 mm diameter vertical pipe with 40 meters height?
It depends on whether the pipe is open or closed and what it contains. If the pipe is full of water to a height of 40 m and open at the top, the pressure at the bottom is about 57 psig. The diameter doesn't matter.
When water is flowing through seamless steel pipe that is 36 in in diameterthe rate of discharge is 9500 gpm if the lenght of pipe is 2400 ft the friction loss in the pipe is?
49.334 psi is the pressure loss and to get the friction loss you would need to know the smoothness of the inside of the pipe.
What are the types of pipe losses?
friction loss head loss loss due to sudden enlargement
Difference between shock loss and friction loss?
Friction loss is the loss of energy that occurs in pipe flow due to viscous effects generated by the surface of the pipe. Shock loss is an huge loss that causes an adverse effect on an insurerâ??s assets.
What are the four fundamental rules governing friction loss in hose and pipe?
See frictionlosscalculator.com. They have a good description of friction loss I fire hose.
How do you calculate friction losses in pipelines?
pressure loss and friction loss in a pipe can be reduced by 1) using smooth pipes 2) Using straight pipes, because the more bends a pipe has the more energy it will lose. 3)pumping downhill where possible.
What is pipe friction loss?
The energy lost through friction as a fluid flows through a pipe. The amount of energy lost is dependent on both the characteristics of the fluid (viscosity, density) and the pipe (roughness, diameter, length) as well as the rate of flow.
What are the factors that affects the coefficient of friction of the pipe?
Assuming you mean the inside diameter of the pipe and the friction of any fluid flowing through it, you have the surface area of the pipe, smoothness of the pipe, and also surface tension of the fluid to consider. You also have any chemical reactions between the fluid and the pipe and erosion over time to consider.
How do you account for friction loss while applying Bernoulli's theorem to the real flow?
Sum the friction terms for each element from which the friction results, including pipe lengths, elbows, flanges, fitting, valves, etc to get a total friction value K-total.When input to the Bernoulli equation the friction loss will be:ef=0.5*Ktotal*V^2where ef is the energy lost to frictionKtotal is sum of all the loss coefficientsV= velocity of fluidThe friction loss coefficient for a length of pipe is:Kpipe= 16*f*L/DwhereKpipe= pipe loss coefficientL= length of pipeD= diameter of pipef=the Darcy friction factor (not to be confused with the similar Fanning friction factor)For turbulent flow the Darcy friction factor can be obtained from a Moody diagram (very simple) or via the Colebrook or Churchill equations (complex). For laminar flow:f= 64/Rewhere Re is the Reynold's number, an indication of turbulence.Turbulent flow occurs at Reynolds numbers greater than about 2000.Be wary of whether the f listed is the Fanning or Darcy friction factor: mechanical engineers use Darcy, chemical engineers typically use Fanning.The Hooper 2K method can be used to calculate pipe loss coefficients.See related links for a calculation form.
How much water flow can a 24inch pipe handle?
Do you mean 24-inch diameter? If so, that's an engineering problem, not a plumbing problem. There is no rule of thumb for a large pipe - - it depends on many factors, such as pipe material and thickness, head loss, water hammer protection, etc, etc.
Is a pipe gripped by a stillson wrench an advantage or disadvantage of friction?
is gripping a pipe with a stillson wrench an andvantage or a disadvantage of friction?
Which has less friction on a PVC pipe wood or metal?
PVC pipe has less friction. They are also longer lasting than the others.
What is frictional loss?
The energy lost through friction as a fluid flows through a pipe. The amount of energy lost is dependent on both the characteristics of the fluid (viscosity, density) and the pipe (roughness, diameter, length) as well as the rate of flow.
