What are some industrial applications of ultrasonics?

Answer 1

The ultrasonics used in various applications like in Industrial , medical ,etc.

# INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION:

1. ultrasonics are used for soldering and drilling purposes .

2. ultrasonics are used for cutting and welding purposes also .

3. ultrasonics are used to emulsify immiscible liquids like Mercury and water.

4. ultrasonics are used for cleaning of tiny objects like watches etc .,

5. ultrasonics are also used in the sterilization of water and milk.

#MEDICAL APPLICATION

1.Ultrasonics waves are used for relieving neuralgic and rheumatic pain .

2.Ultrasonics waves are used to destroy dangerous tissues in the human bodies .

3. Ultrasonics are used in extraction of broken teeth without pain .

4. Ultrasonics waves are used to find the velocity of blood flow and the movement of heart in human body also .

Answer 2

CLEANING

Cleaning was one of the earliest industrial applications of ultrasonics. Objects to be cleaned are placed in a bath of fluid which is violently agitated by a number of ultrasonic transducers. The fluid may be water or solvent based, depending on the application. Traditionally the transducers were fitted around the walls of the cleaning bath, but some modern equipment uses an external transducer attached to a resonant probe which transmits the vibrations to the fluid.

The ultrasonics may affect the cleaning process in several ways. Rapid movement in the fluid can help to de-wet surfaces, overcoming surface tension, and may also help to dislodge dirt particles and carry them away from the surface. Cavitation is probably the most interesting (and potent) effect - the shock waves generated by tiny implosions of vapour bubbles can be devastating at close range. The bubbles are so tiny that they can penetrate even the smallest crevices, making the process ideal for parts which could not be cleaned by other methods. Note also that the process must be well controlled to minimise erosion of the surfaces of the parts being cleaned. The standard test of ultrasonic intensity in a cleaning bath is to immerse a standard foil strip for a set time, then remove it and count the number of holes.

CUTTING

Imagine a knife which moves itself backwards and forwards in a sawing action, thirty thousand times a second. True the distance moved is very small but the acceleration is so high that nothing can move with the blade or stick to it. Ultrasonic scalpels are used by surgeons where they want to cut without exerting any pressure. In industry ultrasonic cutting tools are used for products that are difficult to cut by other means.

The heat generated by the ultrasonic vibrations can also be useful. Some man-made fabrics are cut and simultaneously sealed using ultrasonic knives to prevent fraying.

ULTRASONIC MACHINING

Ultrasonics have been used in several ways for machining metals. Lathe tools may benefit from deliberately-induced vibrations to prevent "chatter" which compromises the surface finish of the finished component. Ultrasonic drills, used on very hard ceramics, work by grinding or eroding material away - a liquid slurry around the drill bit contains loose hard particles which are smashed into the surface by the vibrations, eroding material away and creating more loose hard particles

METAL FORMING

CarnaudMetalbox R&D (now a part of Crown Cork and Seal - the biggest packaging company in the world) and Loughborough University developed a new aerosol can using a number of novel metal-forming processes, starting with ultrasonic necking (i.e. reducing the diameter of the can at one end). The advantage of using ultrasonics in this case was to minimise friction between the can and the die, thus reducing the forming force. Without ultrasonics the force was so high that the can body would buckle and collapse during the necking process. With ultrasonics a 30% reduction in can diameter could be achieved in a single operation (in conventional necking processes the maximum is typically about 5%).

The ultrasonic forming process went into production making small-diameter aerosol cans in a UK factory. The production line still runs intermittently, making promotional packaging for several prominent customers. One of its products ("Fleurs de Paris" parfum deospray can) won a silver in the 1997 Metal Packaging Manufacturers Association awards.

METAL WELDING

Ultrasonics can be used to weld different metals together, without solder and flux or special preparation. The process is different to plastic welding in that the two components are vibrated parallel to the interface. This is a more intuitively logical method of generating friction between them, but frictional heating is not thought to be the prime mechanism of the process - the temperature needed to melt (or even soften) most metals would be very difficult to achieve. Instead the mechanism is thought to be diffusion-bonding: atoms of each part diffuse into the other when the two surfaces are brought together in close contact. The ultrasonics promotes this close contact by breaking down the surface oxide layers, allowing the "raw" metals to make contact.

PLASTIC WELDING

Plastic welding is used for a huge variety of products ranging from blister packs, cartons and small consumer goods up to car fuel tanks and dashboards. It works by generating heat exactly where it is needed - at the interface between the components to be joined. The components are clamped between a vibrating sonotrode and a fixed mounting. Strangely, the vibrations are usually applied perpendicular to the contact surface, although much of this vibration may be converted to in-plane movement. This also has the advantage that the clamping pressure will keep the sonotrode in contact with the component - serrated surfaces are generally not required. Best results are achieved when the components are clamped close to the interface ("near-field" welding) but if this is not possible then the process can still work at a distance ("far-field").

Staking, or insertion, is a variation of this process in which a metal part (generally a threaded bush) is driven into a hole in a plastic component, which then solidifies around it to form a permanent join. This is a convenient method of producing strong tapped holes in a plastic part.

SIEVING

Industrial sieves are normally agitated at low frequency to help the product to distribute itself evenly over the surface and to help the small particles go through. Vibrating the mesh at ultrasonic frequencies (in addition to this low-frequency oscillation) can improve the rate of flow dramatically, preventing the product from blocking the holes in the mesh and helping to separate the small particles from the large.

SINTERING

The powder-Metallurgy process is used to manufacture top-quality steels and other metals. The powder must be packed as closely as possible before the sintering process begins to prevent the formation of voids or other weaknesses in the finished product. Published research papers indicate that a significant increase in the packing density can be achieved using ultrasonics. Can anyone confirm that this process is in production?

NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

Ultrasonic waves are projected through a medium (water) and a object (carbon fiber) and the internal structure can be analized for foriegn objects because the sound waves are bounced at different rates through the foriegn material than expected.

Answer 3

Ultrasonic waves are used to fuse plastics together. This is how they seal the foil barrier to the top of medicine bottles. The foil is laid across the lip and an ultrasonic "welder" pushes down on the foil. The sound waves make the foil vibrate against the bottle top and it melts the two pieces together. In fact any two pieces of similar composite plastics can be "welded" together in this fashion.

Answer 4

Ultrasound is a sound generated at a frequency above the human hearing range, i.e. above 20,000Hz. Ultrasound is useful as it's high frequency means it is a high energy sound wave, allowing it to penetrate easily through thicker, more dense mediums. The most common use of ultrasound is sonography, where reflections are used to determine the gender and health of a foetus in the womb prior to birth. Other uses include; ultrasonic humidifiers, ultrasonic welding and ultrasonic disintegration of bacteria. Many animals use ultrasound for communicating and navigating, much in the same way as humans; by analysing echoes and reflections.

Answer 5

Fetal monitor, cleaning jewellery, echo sounding, fish finding.