No. In fact, Polaris is the dimmest of the 57 stars commonly used for celestial navigation. Except for the happy coincidence that Polaris perches almost precisely above the Earth's north pole, nobody would think anything about it.
In fact, we're fortunate that the skies around the north pole are bereft of bright stars. Polaris is relatively easy to find only because there are NO bright stars in that part of the sky.
There is no particularly bright star near the south pole of the sky. A nearby star is Sigma Octans, but it is not as bright a star as Polaris (the North Star).
It is a star called Polaris. It is not a particularly bright star. It is important though. As seen from the Northern Hemisphere, it is normally seen to be in the same location and all other stars appear to rotate around that point.
North star, or Polaris, is the name of a bright star that is CURRENTLY near the celestial north pole. Since the position of the north pole will change in the future, Polaris will still be called Polaris, but it will no longer be the north star.
Polaris, or the north star. Right now on August 7th, the really-really bright star below the moon is Jupiter.
No. Sigma Octans is a star close to the south pole of the sky, but it is not particularly bright.
Polaris is not a white dwarf. If it was you wouldn't be able to see it. Polaris is in fact a multiple star system, that just looks like one star. The brightest star is a bright giant with a spectral type of F7 - so it will appear as a yellow-white star.
The North Star is called Polaris. There is no visible star particularly close to the south pole.
The main star of the system is Ursa Minor Aa which is a Cepheid Variable. Its apparent magnitude averages at 1.98
It doesn't. A lot of stars seem larger and brighter than it. In fact, Polaris is the 49th-brightest star in the sky. To us, it is not a particularly bright star. It is important because it seems to be still as other stars rotate around it.
The North Star currently refers to Polaris, an F7 Supergiant approximately 433 light years from Earth.
That refers to its actual brightness, not to how we see it. The apparent brightness depends on the real ("absolute") brightness, but also on the distance.
In the northern hemisphere that would be the star Polaris, aka the "north star." It is the last star of the handle of the asterism known as the "Little Dipper," in the constellation Ursa Minoris. It is about 430 light years from our sun. In the southern hemisphere, it would be "nothing in particular." The closest visually discernable star to the south celestial pole is Sigma Octantis, and it's neither particularly close (nearly twice as far from the pole as Polaris is) nor particularly bright... at a visual magnitude of 5.5, it's just barely visible in a dark sky and not at all from urban regions (Polaris, for comparison, is about 2.0, which is around 25 times brighter).