No. You need to seek permission from the owner.
If you haven't got consent you're doing something against someones will, or at least without their knowledge. And that's not a nice thing to do, and might even be illegal.
Yes
Marking property without the owners consent is considered defacement and vandalism and this is a punishable crime
If someones offers something without being asked they are a volunteer
yes without there consent. or if used for illegal purpose.
If you're going to do this, it needs to be a written and notarized contract signed by both of you and a witness. You can't do it without their consent, and you have no protection against them claiming theft without the signed and notarized contract.
it depends if your writing on someones property without them saying its ok.
Trespassing.
You can only encumber your own interest in the property. You cannot affect the co-tenant's interest in the property without their consent.
The property owner. A paleontologist can not walking onto privately owned property and start digging without the owners consent. And if they accidentally do and did discover something, the property owner still holds the rights to that discovery.
Yes, because writing on someone's car that you don't even know who it belongs to is what the government calls "vandalism", or the destruction or alteration of one's property without consent.
International copywrite law prevents unauthorised transmission of any intellectual property without written consent - this consent is rarely provided without royalties being paid to the owner of the property.