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How would you approuch an argument for which you have no direct evidence?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
There are two possible scenarios:
- You have no direct evidence, or
- There is no direct evidence.
Taking the second scenario first, ('there is no direct evidence) we can only base our argument on clear reasoning and authoritative external references.
At the outset consider the various alternatives and logically deal with them. In so doing, those views which are not valid will be dismissed, leaving the way clear for you to develop your argument.
Your presentation should only include information that is sound and data that is appropriate. Helpful examples, analogies, and maybe an illustration or two will help your audience will grasp and be able to accept the points you are making.
At all times you must take into account what the other person(s) already know, or what they presumably would know. Build on what they know and accept. In this way your discourse will have solid foundations. At all times approach the subject at your audience's level of understanding. Don't talk 'over their heads', nor undervalue their intelligence.
Pepper your argument with, 'it would seem', 'therefore it would be logical to conclude that' etc. Don't be dogmatic about matters where you have no facts. Lead them and encourage them to think things through with you. Make it a 'collaborative' task. Take them with you on your journey!
Sometimes it is necessary to pursue arguments at length to their logical conclusions. In this way foolish arguments will reveal themselves and sound arguments will be even more readily received. Be sure to get the audience personally involved in the practical application of the points you wish to make. If they can see that your argument has real merit, and is not just an exercise in intellectual gymnastics, the more likely they will be to agree with you.
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First scenario (i.e. 'You' have no direct evidence!):
If you, personally, have no direct evidence to support your line of reasoning, you may be on very shaky ground! At the outset you should make it clear that you are only discussing 'possibilities', and then proceed as suggested above. Given that you have no direct evidence, you will have to be very careful to be fair to all viewpoints.
Doubtless you can construct a case for one line of reasoning to be more likely than another. But, depending on the nature of the your role and that of the other parties, you may have to admit that you, personally, cannot be certain, and that further investigation (on your part!) will be necessary before you can give any unequivocal view on the matter.
Your audience will appreciate your candour. And will be more likely to hear you out when you have something more substantial to present to them.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
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What appeal should you use to show the logic of your argument?
You would use a logical appeal to show the logic of you argument. Logical Appeal is also called Logos. Logos has three parts - your claim, the evidence, and the warrant.
What is a counterargument?
A counterargument is any evidence that undermines an argument. Imagine somebody saying that the UK is the best society - the counter argument would be that it lacks a healthy measure of social mobility or that life chances are still dominated by class origins or that it is too backward looking and not future oriented.
Why would a writer use logos in a persuassive argument?
To link an argument with positive emotions
Is it true that valid arguments are said to be strong or weak?
No, arguments can either be strong or weak, however, a valid argument would be considered a sound argument. The opposite would be an invalid argument.
What is an example of an argument from subjectivity?
One example is belief in God based on a personal experience rather than provable evidence. Another example is saying that the defendant is guilty of committing the alleged crime because I have known the defendant to be the kind of person that would do such a thing, rather than providing evidence against the defendant.
Would a receipt for the purchase of the murder weapon be considered direct or circumstantial evidence?
The receipt would be direct evidence as to who is the owner of the weapon, and circumstantial evidence as to who is the murderer.
Which type of evidence would support the author's thesis?
Evidence such as statistical data, expert opinions, case studies, and direct quotes from relevant sources that align with and strengthen the author's argument would support the thesis. Additionally, primary sources and research studies that provide concrete examples and back up the main points of the thesis would be valuable forms of evidence.
In the is there a god argument which side of the argument has more evidence to support it?
No, there is no logical argument that is more supported or logically sound than an atheist's. If there was, it likely would be well known.
Why does using evidence help present an argument?
By presenting evidence upfront, you are showing "factual" basis for your argument. Without evidence, to proceed in a case would be like your "word" vs my "word." In Legal matters, there are too many crazies out there just arguing about "opinions" and there are probably zero grounds for the case in the first place.
What is a reasonable argument?
A "reasoned argument" is a series of statements that use evidence and reasoning to persuade someone to accept or reject a particular opinion. A special case of a reasoned argument is the valid deductive argument. If you accept the premises of a valid deductive argument, then it would be absurd to reject its conclusion. Unfortunately, in many cases it is impossible to put together a valid deductive argument either for or against some important statement. And so we must muddle along with whatever weaker evidence and weaker reasoning we have available to form a reasoned argument and come to some useful opinion one way or the other. Unfortunately, too many people make statements without any evidence or reasoning at all.
How would you refute an author's claim with a counterclaim?
To refute a claim with a counterclaim, you must support your argument with evidence to ensure the validity of your claims.
What is one of the most effective ways to back up an argument about a work of literature?
One of the most effective ways to back up an argument about a work of literature would be to use evidence from that book. Someone could pull quotes from the book, and find other evidence from separate sources.
Why must indirect evidence to be used to study the structure of atoms?
because if it were direct the world would implode
What appeal should you use to show the logic of your argument?
You would use a logical appeal to show the logic of you argument. Logical Appeal is also called Logos. Logos has three parts - your claim, the evidence, and the warrant.
Courts of appeal focus their attention on which aspect of a case?
On whatever issue is up on appeal. For example, if I have a trial and hearsay evidence is admitted, and I think that this was a legal mistake, and I lose, I can appeal and argue that the improper admission of this evidence caused me to lose, and the case should be reversed and I should be given a new trial, without that evidence. The court would then consider my legal argument that the evidence should not be admitted, along with the other side's argument that it should, in light of the relevant law.
If a witness testifies to having heard gunshots this is an example of what type of evidence?
If the witness is testifying that HE heard the gunshots - it is called "direct evidence.' It is also a type called "testimonial" evidence as opposed to "demonstative" evidence. The testimonial evidence is that the witness testifies verbally that he heard the gun. The gun itself if entered into evidence would be demonstrative evidence.
How would you reply to strongs arguments?
No, arguments can either be strong or weak, however, a valid argument would be considered a sound argument. The opposite would be an invalid argument.
