Has a wide range in temperature on its surface?

Answer 1

This could either be the planet Mercury, or the moon. They are similar in terms of surface conditions, neither has an atmosphere at the surface to speak of, meaning that temperatures can become high when in direct sunlight, but very cold out of the sun, since there is no atmosphere to hold the heat in.

At the equator, the surface temperature on Mercury can range from -173°C to 430°C, while temperatures at the poles can plummet to around -193°C. The large temperature range is is also due to a very long apparent day length, from a combination of the time taken to orbit and the planets axial rotation.

The moons surface temperature is a more consistent, as its `days` are much shorter. Even so, there are deep craters at the poles that never see the sunlight, considered to be some of the coldest places in the solar system.