Do the left and the right sides of the brain process different information?

Answer 1

It is possible to take the idea of left/right differences within the brain too far: it’s not like one side of the brain talks or emotes or recognizes faces all by itself while the other one just sits there twiddling its neurons. But the left and right hemispheres of the human brain do show striking differences
in some areas, especially with regard to language, the trait that best defines us as human beings.

Scientists suspect that left-right specialization first evolved many millions of years ago, since many other animals show subtle hemispheric differences: they prefer to use one claw or paw to eat, for instance, or they strike at prey more often in one direction than another. Before this time, the left brain and right brain probably monitored sensory data and recorded details about the world to an equal degree. But there’s no good reason for both hemispheres to do the same basic job,
not if the corpus callosum—a huge bundle of fibers that connects the left and right brain—can transmit data between them. So the brain eliminated the redundancy, and the left brain took on new tasks. This process accelerated in human beings, and we humans show far greater left/right differences than any other animal.
More than anything, parts of what is held in the brain, such as memories or senses, is found in various lobes rather than one side or the other. Motor function , however is found in one side or the other. The left side seems to control the right and the right controls the left.

Answer 2

Not really. Both hemispheres contribute to both kinds of processes and experimental evidence provides little support for correlating the structural differences between the sides.