upward compatibility in system terms refers to the compatibility of an existing version of a software or hardware with the newer and most of the times more powerful updated versions...For example, a program that runs on an Intel 386 microprocessor, also runs on a Pentium, is upward compatible... this is quite an advantage as is obvious... whereas the reverse is downward compatibilty...
Upward, downward and lateral
Upward communication is with your boss. Downward is with the people who work for you Horizontal is with your peers at your same level
Upward communication is with your boss. Downward is with the people who work for you Horizontal is with your peers at your same level
Downward communication is more prevalent because in this type of communication we have to give orders and instructions to our sub-ordinates. So we have to explain each and every step that is going to help in work.But in upward communication they sub-ordinates do not have to give instructions the their Head..
Communication can be categorized into formal and informal communication. The three types of formal communication are horizontal communication, upward communication and downward communication.
The conflict between the management and the union are basically depend upon two factors . They are 1. Upward to downward communication and , 2. Downward to upward communication...this two are the main rigid factors which the management as well as the unions have to face.
downward communication:- communication that flows from one level of a group or organisation to lower level is a downward communication. when we think of manager communicating to their employee's downward type of communication usually used by group leaders and managers to assign their goals, provide instruction, informs their members regarding policies and procedure, point out problem that need attention or solution and offer feedback about performance.
Upward
UPWARD UPWARD UPWARD
Upward.
The upward and the downward bias refers to the overestimation or overstatement by a statistical measure of a given event.
downward